Why do elite athletes have more dental problems?
Performance, physical demand, and oral health: a relationship you might not imagine. When we think of elite athletes, we imagine strong bodies, absolute discipline, and a healthy lifestyle.
That is why it is surprising to learn that almost 70% of professional athletes suffer from some type of periodontal disease, and a large proportion present with cavities, sensitivity, or dental erosion.
But why does this happen to people who are apparently the perfect example of health?
The answer lies in a combination of habits, physiology, and the specific demands of professional sports.
A mouth under stress (just like the body). During intense physical activity, the athlete enters a state of hyperventilation that forces them to breathe primarily through the mouth.
This causes dry mouth, a decrease in saliva and, consequently, the loss of the natural protection that prevents the proliferation of bacteria.
Saliva is essential for neutralizing acids, remineralizing enamel, and maintaining the balance of the oral microbiota.
When it is lacking, the risk of cavities, gingivitis, and sensitivity increases.
Furthermore, muscle tension during competition can lead to bruxism, nocturnal pressure, or accelerated dental wear.
In contact sports, the possibility of dental trauma adds yet another risk factor.
Do energy products have an influence?
Significantly.
The isotonic drinks, energy gels, and bars consumed by athletes often contain high amounts of sugar and acids.
This creates an ideal environment for cariogenic bacteria to proliferate.
The acidic pH of these products can erode enamel if consumed repeatedly, especially when the mouth is dry.
The result?
More sensitive teeth, a higher probability of cavities, and accelerated wear.
More oral health problems… and a higher risk of injury. The relationship between oral health and sports performance is closer than it might seem.
Oral infections can increase the risk of muscle and joint injuries due to the increase in inflammatory markers in the blood.
In other words: an inflamed mouth can affect an athlete’s physical performance, recovery, and endurance.
Additionally, many athletes live with oral health problems because, by focusing on training, they relegate dental check-ups and prevention to the background.
What can athletes do to take care of their mouths?
The good news is that most of these problems are preventable.
The main recommendations are:
- Maintain strict oral hygiene: brushing twice a day and flossing.
- Use remineralizing toothpastes and mouthwashes with fluoride or those formulated for athletes, especially when consuming acidic or energy products.
- Drink water frequently to stimulate salivation.
- Avoid the continuous consumption of isotonic drinks outside of training.
- Use a mouthguard in contact or impact sports.
- Have regular check-ups with the dentist, especially during stages of intense training.
Ultimately, a healthy mouth is not just an aesthetic matter: it is a determining factor in the performance, recovery, and quality of life of any athlete.